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Who Is Affected by Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)?

  • Writer: Lauren Walker
    Lauren Walker
  • 1 day ago
  • 3 min read

Frozen Shoulder, also known as Adhesive Capsulitis, is a painful and often debilitating condition that restricts movement in the shoulder joint. It develops gradually and can take months—or even years—to fully resolve. While anyone can technically develop a frozen shoulder, certain groups are more likely to be affected than others. So, who is most at risk?

Let’s take a closer look.


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1. Middle-Aged Adults (Typically 40–60 Years Old)

Frozen shoulder most commonly occurs in people between the ages of 40 and 60, with the average onset around the mid-50s. It is rarely seen in younger individuals unless there's been a trauma or underlying health condition.

Why this age group?

  • Aging leads to natural wear and tear of joints and connective tissues.

  • Hormonal changes during perimenopause may contribute, especially in women.


2. Women More Than Men

Studies consistently show that women are more likely to develop frozen shoulder than men. The reason isn’t fully understood but may relate to hormonal factors and differences in joint laxity or inflammation response.

Interesting Fact:Women, particularly around menopause, are at significantly higher risk, possibly due to declining estrogen levels, which may affect joint and connective tissue health.

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3. People with Certain Medical Conditions

Several underlying health conditions are associated with a higher risk of developing frozen shoulder, including:

• Diabetes (Type 1 and 2)

People with diabetes are two to four times more likely to develop frozen shoulder. It's also more likely to be severe and resistant to treatment.

• Thyroid Disorders

Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been linked to adhesive capsulitis, although the mechanism is unclear.

• Heart Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

These conditions have also been associated with an increased risk—possibly due to limited mobility or systemic inflammation.


4. Individuals Recovering from Surgery or Injury

Frozen shoulder often develops after an event that limits shoulder movement, such as:

  • Rotator cuff injuries

  • Fractures

  • Shoulder surgery

  • Stroke

Limited movement during recovery can lead to joint capsule tightening and eventual adhesions, leading to stiffness and pain.


5. Sedentary or Inactive Individuals

Lack of movement—whether due to lifestyle, occupation, or recovery from illness—can increase the risk of joint stiffness and adhesive capsulitis. Regular shoulder mobility and range-of-motion exercises can be helpful in prevention.


6. Previous History of Frozen Shoulder

Unfortunately, if you’ve had frozen shoulder in one shoulder, you're at higher risk of developing it in the other shoulder, often within a few years.

Frozen shoulder can affect anyone, but it's most common in:

  • Adults aged 40–60

  • Women, particularly around menopause

  • People with diabetes, thyroid issues, or other chronic conditions

  • Those with limited shoulder mobility due to injury, surgery, or stroke


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What to Do If You're at Risk

Early intervention is key. If you're experiencing stiffness or pain in your shoulder that limits movement, don’t wait—talk to a healthcare provider.


Proactive movement and awareness can make a significant difference in outcomes. Know the risk factors, listen to your body, and seek support early.


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